Laser gravure engraving plate-making technology

The use of lasers as an efficient means of printing plate production is the goal of long-term unremitting efforts in the field of prepress processing and platemaking. As a high-energy, high-performance recording tool, laser engraving machines have been playing an increasingly important role in offset printing and gravure platemaking since the 1970s. On the basis of computer graphic information processing, the use of lasers to output the graphic records of films and offset printing plates is currently the most common and promising method for offset printing plate making. The so-called "CTFilm" and "CTPlate" naturally include laser plate recording.

As we all know, the mechanical electromagnetic gravure electronic engraving machine was invented by Hell GmbH in 1962. This is very close to the invention time of the laser. In fact, the company's technicians tried to use laser to engrave the copper-plated drum, but because of the high reflectivity of copper to light, they were unsuccessful. They turned to high-energy electron beam engraving research and achieved success.

The laser recording of the gravure printing plate began in 1977. At that time, the British company Crosfield Electronics used a laser to engrave the mesh on the gravure printing cylinder with the polymer resin layer to make the gravure printing cylinder. Although the system has not been put into practical use in large quantities due to quality stability and other reasons, as a beneficial technical research and exploration, it has pointed out a way for laser gravure plate to continue to develop.

At the printing event Drupa2000 held in Düsseldorf, Germany in May 2000, people saw that the laser plate recording technology has entered a practical stage. In addition to the technology used for flat printing CTPlate has become a hot spot, many manufacturers have launched The laser plate making equipment of gravure printing plate and flexible plate has become a bright spot of CTC (Computer To Cylinder).

As far as the types of gravure meshes are concerned, there are generally four types, namely: area-variable meshes, recessed depth-variable meshes, both area and depth of recessed meshes, and frequency-modulated meshes. At the current level of technological development, laser engraving of these four types of caves has been achieved.

1. Variable area

As the name implies, this type of network only reproduces the gradation of the image by changing its opening area. The area of ​​the cell in the deep color is large, while the area of ​​the cell in the light color is small, and the depth of the cell remains unchanged. In terms of this feature, it is similar to the image reproduction principle of offset printing dots. Therefore, this type of gravure is also called "dot gravure".

It should be noted that although the basic principle of image tone reproduction is similar to that of offset printing, the structure of its mesh cannot be separated from the basic technical requirements of gravure printing plates. This is: the mesh wall must be formed and retained, not on the printing plate There is a large area on the ground without mesh walls. Therefore, in terms of the microstructure of the net hole, it is not the same as the flat printing dot.

2. Recessed variable depth

This is the most typical gravure mesh, often referred to as "classic gravure" or "traditional gravure". This kind of cell only changes the tone level of the image by changing the depth of its cell depression. The recesses are deeper in the deeper colors, while the recesses are lighter in the lighter colors, and the area of ​​the holes is unchanged. Since the mesh area is the same, the thickness of the mesh wall is the same.

3. Variable area and recessed depth

This kind of net hole is often seen on the cylinder engraved by the mechanical electromagnetic electronic gravure engraving machine, and it is the most commonly used type of net hole for non-laser type electric engraving gravure. The characteristics of its mesh are: the area of ​​the opening of the mesh is deep and the depth of the depression is deep, and the area of ​​the opening of the mesh and the depth of the depression are small at the shallow surface color. Obviously the thickness of the mesh wall is not equal.

4. FM network

Applying the principle of FM screening to gravure, FM gravure can be generated.

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