Structural features of wood - wood ray
On the cross-section of the wood, there are many light-colored stripes that radiate from the inside to the outside, and their positions are perpendicular to the annual rings, or they are intermittently or continuously passed through several annual rings. Some of these stripes are emitted from the core, called Pulp ray; some are located in the xylem, called the wood ray; others are located in the phloem, called the phloem ray. Wood rays are important for identifying wood.
The wood ray radiates in a thin line on the cross-section, reflecting its width and length; a ribbon or sheet that is discontinuous or continuous on the radial section reflects its length and height; it is short vertical in the chord plane or Spindle-shaped, reflecting its height and width.
The width of the wood ray reflected on the cross-section varies from species to tree and can be divided into the following levels:
First level: very fine wood ray - width below 0.05mm, characterized by not visible under the naked eye.
The second level: fine wood ray - the width is 0.05 ~ 0.1mm, characterized by visible to the naked eye.
The third level: medium wood ray - the width is 0.1 ~ 0.2mm, characterized by easy to see and clear under the naked eye.
The fourth level: wide wood ray - the width is 0.2 ~ 0.4mm, characterized by clear to significant under the naked eye.
The fifth level: extremely wide wood ray - the width is above 0.4mm, which is characterized by a very significant distance within the naked eye.
When working in the field, you can also flexibly divide the width of the wood ray into the following three types:
Fine wood ray - the width of the ray is below 0.05mm, which is characterized by no visible to the naked eye, ie the first level of radiation.
Medium wood ray - the width of the ray is 0.05~0.2mm, which is characterized by visible to the naked eye, including the width of the second and third levels.
Wide wood ray - width above 0.2mm, characterized by clarity to the naked eye, including the width of the fourth and fifth levels.
In some broad-leaved trees, many small and narrow wooden rays are grouped together. Under the naked eye or low magnification magnifying glass, it seems like a single wide wood ray, called polymer wood ray, such as eucalyptus.
Wood ray is composed of many parenchyma cells. It is the weak physical and mechanical properties of wood. When wood is dry, it is most likely to crack in the direction of wood ray. The diameter of the wood surface often presents a silver-light texture, which constitutes a beautiful pattern. The radiation acts as a lateral transport and storage.
On the chord-cut surface of some broad-leaved trees, they are observed with the naked eye, and have fine light-colored horizontal lines, which are arranged in layers or bands. It is more pronounced after being wetted with Water. It is shaped like a checkered pattern, and at a certain distance. Looking inside the roof of an old-fashioned house, it looks like the lines of the tiles. It is formed by a stack of wood rays or axial cells, called a wave mark, also known as a bagged or stacked structure.
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