A series of advances have been made in the study of mercury isotope geochemistry in the mercury mining area of ​​the Institute of Geochemistry
Hg has 7 stable isotopes in nature, namely 196Hg, 198Hg, 199Hg, 200Hg, 201Hg, 202Hg and 204Hg, and its mass number changes by 4%. In recent years, with the development and application of a new generation of multi-receiver mass spectrometer (MC-ICP-MS) and the advancement of new purification technologies, it has become possible to measure Hg isotopes with high precision. From the first time that Klaue et al. Used MC-ICP-MS to achieve high-precision measurement of mercury isotopes at the beginning of this century, to the opening of the first mercury isotope special meeting place in the 9th Global Mercury Pollutants Conference held in Guiyang in 2009. In the past 10 years, mercury isotope earth Chemistry has undergone rapid development and has gradually become an important research direction in international earth sciences and environmental sciences (Yin et al., 2010a).
Feng Xinbin, the State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, pioneered the establishment of a high-precision method for the determination of mercury isotope composition in China (Yin et al., 2010b). At present, this technology has been successfully applied to mercury pollution source tracing studies in typical ecosystems (such as Guizhou Lake, Guangdong Dongjiang River Basin, Sichuan Hongyuan Peat) (Feng et al., 2010; Liu et al., 2011; Shi et al. , 2011). Recently, the research team led by Feng Xinbin Research Institute conducted a detailed and systematic study on the mercury isotope geochemical cycle of the Wanshan mercury mine area in Guizhou, and achieved the following research results:
1. Feng et al. (2013) determined the mercury isotope composition of the surface soil in different mercury-contaminated areas in Guizhou Province by measuring the mercury isotope composition in different mercury-contaminated areas. Research reveals that the MDF-MIF two-dimensional system of mercury isotopes may become an effective tool for tracing the source of soil mercury in the future. In particular, the MIF characteristics of mercury isotopes can play a very effective role in tracing and quantifying the contribution rate of atmospheric mercury in surface soils. The result was published on the Chinese Science Bulletin in the form of a "cover article".
2. Environmental Science & Technology, the authoritative international environmental science journal, published the latest research results of the rice mercury isotope geochemistry of the Wanshan Mercury Mine by the Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Yin et al., 2013a). This study found that large mercury isotope changes can occur in the migration and transformation of mercury in rice (δ202Hg can reach ~ 3.0 ‰; Δ199Hg can reach ~ 0.3 ‰), which lays the foundation for further explanation of mercury migration and transformation in plants. On this basis, by measuring the isotopic composition of the two terminal elements (soil mercury and atmospheric mercury) separately, we obtained a binary mixed model of mercury in different parts of rice plants, and according to the strength of non-mass fractionation of different parts of rice, Estimated the relative proportion of atmospheric mercury.
3. The Advances in Mercury Stable Isotope Geochemistry album published in 2013 by the international geochemical journal Chemical Geology published two latest research results of mercury isotope tracing at the Wanshan Mercury Mine, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Yin et al., 2013b; Yin et al., 2013c).
Yin et al. (2013b) determined the mercury form and mercury isotopic composition of mercury ore and mercury smelting waste samples from the Wanshan mercury mine in Guizhou. The study found that after the high-temperature smelting of mercury ore in Wanshan area, it can form a variety of mercury minerals. The main component of mercury ore in Wanshan mercury mine is cinnabar (99 ± 0.5%, 2σ, n = 3), a small amount of black cinnabar (1 ± 0.5%, 2σ, n = 3); the main component of mercury slag is: black cinnabar (52 ± 0.5%, 2σ, n = 3)> cinnabar (42 ± 0.5%, 2σ, n = 3)> calomel (6 ± 0.5%, 2σ, n = 3). Mercury smelting process can lead to mercury isotope fractionation (δ202Hg can reach ~ 0.80 ‰). This study is of great significance to trace the environmental effects of different mercury pollution sources in mercury mining areas.
Yin et al. (2013c) extracted the bioavailable mercury [water soluble, (NH4) 2S2O3 extracted state] in the soil of the Wanshan mercury mining area in Guizhou by chemical continuous leaching and determined its mercury isotopic composition. The study found that the composition of the soil mercury isotope δ202Hg in the Wanshan mining area ranges from -0.29 to 0.15 ‰, the average value is -0.02 ± 0.16 ‰ (n = 8), and there is no obvious non-mass fractionation (Δ199Hg ~ 0). The water soluble mercury δ202Hg in the Wanshan mining area is between 0.50 and 0.86 ‰, with an average value of 0.70 ± 0.13 ‰ (n = 8). The extractable mercury δ202Hg of soil (NH4) 2S2O3 in Wanshan mining area ranges from 0.89 to 1.52 ‰, with an average value of 1.28 ± 0.25 ‰ (n = 8). This research provides an important basis for mercury-contaminated soil remediation technology.
The above research was supported by the National Natural Youth Fund (40825011)-"Research on Mercury Isotope Geochemistry in the Supergene Environment". There are 3 doctoral students and 1 master student. One doctoral student received a special award from the Dean of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, two received the Zhu Liyuehua Outstanding Doctoral Award from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and one received an outstanding graduate from the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Researcher Feng Xinbin received funding from the "973" project.
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