The principle and application of infrared camera
The origin of the infrared thermal imager: In 1800, British physicist FW Huxel discovered infrared rays. Infrared rays are an electromagnetic wave. Its position in the continuous spectrum of electromagnetic waves is between radio waves and visible light. Infrared radiation is one of the most extensive electromagnetic wave radiations in nature. It is based on the fact that any object will produce its own random movement of molecules and atoms in a conventional environment, and it will constantly radiate thermal infrared energy, the movement of molecules and atoms The more intense, the greater the radiated energy, and conversely, the smaller the radiated energy. Objects whose temperature is above absolute zero will radiate infrared rays due to their own molecular motion.
The basis of the infrared camera: The famous Planck's law shows that there is a certain relationship between temperature, wavelength and energy. The total infrared energy increases rapidly with the increase of temperature; the peak wavelength moves to short wave with the increase of temperature. According to Stephen Boltzmann's law, when the temperature changes, the total infrared energy is proportional to the fourth power of the absolute temperature. When the temperature changes slightly, it will cause a large change in the total energy.
The principle of the infrared thermal imager: the infrared detector and the optical imaging objective lens are used to receive the infrared radiation energy distribution pattern of the target to be reflected on the photosensitive element of the infrared detector, thereby obtaining the infrared thermal image, this thermal image and the object The heat distribution field on the surface corresponds. Popularly speaking, the infrared thermal imager is to convert the invisible infrared energy emitted by the object into a visible thermal image. The different colors on the thermal image represent the different temperatures of the measured object.
Infrared thermal imaging cameras were first developed for military purposes, and in recent years they have rapidly expanded into the civil industry. Since the 1970s, some developed countries in Europe and America have begun to use infrared cameras to explore in various fields. Infrared thermal imaging cameras have also developed into very light field test equipment after decades of development. Due to factors such as small temperature field difference and complex on-site environment, a good thermal imager must have 320 * 240 pixels, a resolution of less than 0.1 ° C, a small spatial resolution, and infrared image and visible light image synthesis functions. Infrared thermal imaging technology can perform non-contact, high-resolution temperature imaging, can generate high-quality images, can provide a lot of information on the measurement target, and make up for the deficiencies of the human eye. Therefore, it has been used in power systems, civil engineering, Automobile, metallurgy, petrochemical, medical and other industries are widely used, and the future development prospects are even more limitless. The following is a brief introduction to the specific application of infrared thermal imager.
The application of thermal imaging camera: power transmission equipment: joints, insulators, splints, jumpers, high-voltage lines, crimping sleeves, porcelain bottle leads ... Transformer system: transformers, disconnectors, air circuit breakers, oil circuit breakers, less Fuel circuit breakers, surge arresters, capacitors, reactors, transformers, buses, bushings, rectifiers, insulators, wire clips, wave arresters ... Distribution systems: switchboards, switch boxes, transformers, circuit breakers, contactors, fuses, Cables ... Power plants: generator carbon Brush winding equipment, generators, transformers, oil pillows, generator feeders, voltage regulators, generator motor control center panels, UPS ... construction system: check the outer wall hollow drum, Spalling, roof leakage, pipelines, thermal bridges, building energy saving research, completion acceptance, etc .; highway bridges: can be used to quickly scan highway cracks, bridge cracks, leakage inspections, asphalt paving, etc .; metallurgical system: for large blast furnace material surface Measurement, damage diagnosis and maintenance of hot blast stove, etc .; blast furnace, steel forming and heat treatment: welding, casting, mold, steel making furnace, converter, torpedo car Temperature measurement and monitoring of furnace wall, metal hot place (annealing, tempering, quenching), cold / hot rolled steel plate, steel coil wire, etc ... Petrochemical system: can be used for damage diagnosis of thermal insulation materials, heating furnace temperature Distribution measurement, etc .; Rotating mechanical equipment: motors, motor carbon brushes, bearings, couplings, pumps, turbine blades, gear boxes, driving gears, driving belts, couplings, injection molding machines, diesel engines, air compressors ... Electromechanical system: can be used for new product development test research, large mechanical and electrical equipment temperature distribution monitoring, etc .; boiler reaction furnace heating furnace: furnace wall, furnace tube, chimney, heat exchanger, cement rotary kiln ... Product process equipment: safety valve, gas / Product piping (insulation, cold storage), heat exchangers, cooling towers, barrel tanks, ball tanks, storage tanks, air dryers, dryers, freezers ... Electronic products: PC board thermal analysis, electronic component thermal conductivity test , Shell heat dissipation test, circuit design, environmental assessment ... Fire protection system: can be used for fire research, fire rescue, security, smuggling monitoring, etc .; natural science: lighting, greenhouse effect Ying, sandstorms, plants, mining, etc .; medical: tumor, thyroid, diabetes, SARS, avian flu, etc .; other: glass, military, plastic, paper, textile, packaging, sewage, movie advertising planning ...
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