My scientist completed the analysis of the Echinococcus genome
Hydatidosis threatens about 50 million people in China, and the genetic code of Echinococcus granulosus, its culprit, has recently been "deciphered" by scientists. Yesterday, the reporter learned from the National Human Genome South Research Center that after three years of concerted efforts by Chinese and foreign scientists, the transcriptome of the Echinococcus granulosus gene combination has been resolved. One achievement.
Hydatidosis caused by Echinococcus is a parasitic disease common to humans and domestic animals, and it is endemic in more than 120 countries around the world. In order to improve the control of hydatidosis, a project called "Echinococcus granulosus genome research plan" was launched three years ago with the support of the national "973" plan, the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission. The project is jointly undertaken by the National Human Genome South Research Center and the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University. Fudan University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Xinjiang Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Research Institute, and scientists from Australia and other countries have participated in the project.
The study showed that the hydatid genome consists of 150 million bases and encodes 11,329 genes, of which 1/5 are unique to the parasite. Corresponding author of the paper, Wang Shengyue, a researcher at the Southern Center, introduced that these unique genes fully show the parasitic characteristics of Echinococcus. For example, Echinococcus has lost many genes related to nutrient metabolism, because it can "borrow" the nutrients available in the host, even if it is important nutrients such as amino acids and cholesterol, it does not synthesize itself; however, it helps it become rich in nutrients A lot of genes have been found in places where they move. In another example, Echinococcus has evolved many genes of the "intellectually fighting" host immune system, which prevents the host from "expelling" the parasite. The products of these genes may decompose the defensive substances produced by the host, or may "deceive" the host. Immune protection mechanism. What's more, echinococcus even borrows host hormones and growth factors to complete its own growth, development and reproduction.
This study also revealed for the first time the genetic basis of Echinococcus unique bile salts to regulate bidirectional development. In the Echinococcus granulosus genome, scientists have discovered the bile acid receptor genes (FXR and DVR), but no membrane receptor genes. Therefore, protococcus larvae can only develop into adults when high concentrations of cholic acid act on nuclear receptors in the intestine of the final host (dog).
This is the genome and transcriptome of another important parasitic pathogen analyzed by Chinese scientists after the completion of the Schistosoma japonicum genome project. The relevant genome and functional gene data have been published in the international public database and can be used free of charge.
The reviewers of the paper believe that this research work provides a basic genome-wide information platform for the development of diagnostic reagents, therapeutic drugs and preventive vaccines for echinococcosis, which will improve the diagnosis and treatment of echinococcosis and accelerate echinococcosis. Control has positive significance.
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